The Maryland Law of Estates & Trusts
A Treatise by Frederick R. Franke, JR.
Table of Contents
The Maryland Law of Estates & Trusts
Table of Contents
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0. Introduction
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1.
About the Treatise
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1.
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1. The Roles of the Lawyer
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1.
1.1 Ethical Considerations
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2.
1.1.1 Maryland Ethics Opinions/Confidentiality
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3.
1.1.2 Maryland Ethics Opinions/Conflicts of Interest
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4.
1.1.3 The Ethics of Asset Protection Planning
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5.
1.2 Professional Responsibility
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6.
1.2.1 Maryland Law
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7.
1.2.2 The Law of Other Jurisdictions
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1.
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2. Basic Principals Related to the Transmittal of Property at Death
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1.
2.1 Testamentary Freedom
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2.
2.2 Probate vs. Non-Probate
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3.
2.3 Probate Process
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1.
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3. Intestacy: The Basic Pattern, Simultaneous Death
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1.
3.1 Introduction/Basic Pattern
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2.
3.2 Simultaneous Death
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3.
3.3 Representative Per Stirpes
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1.
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4. Transfers to Children, Reproductive Technology
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1.
4.1 Posthumous Children
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2.
4.2 Reproductive Technology
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3.
4.3 Same Sex Parents
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4.
4.4 Virtual Adoption
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5.
4.5 Non-Marital Children
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6.
4.6 Pushing the Envelope of Reproduction Technology
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7.
4.7 Advancements
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8.
4.8 Transfer of Expectancy
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1.
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5. Bars to Succession
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1.
5.1 Homicide
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2.
5.2 Disclaimer
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1.
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6. Wills: Capacity/Contest
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1.
6.1 Bequest to Lawyers
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2.
6.2 Fraud
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3.
6.3 Tortious Interference with Expectancy
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1.
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7. Wills: Undue Influence/Fraud
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1.
7.1 Bequest To Lawyers
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2.
7.2 Fraud
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3.
7.3 Tortious Interference With Expectancy
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4.
7.4 In Terrorem Clauses
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1.
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8. Formalities of Wills
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1.
8.1 In General
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2.
8.2 Formalities of Will Substitutes
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3.
8.3 Credible Witnesses
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1.
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9. Holographic Wills/Revocation of Wills
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1.
9.1 Holographic Wills
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2.
9.2 Revocation
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1.
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10. Components of Will/Contract to Make Will
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1.
10.1 Incorporation By Reference
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2.
10.2 Acts of Independent Significance
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3.
10.3 Contracts To Make A Will
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1.
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11. Non-Probate Transers of Financial/Bank Accounts
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1.
11.1 Background
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2.
11.2 Development of Maryland Statutory Law Governing Multiple Party Accounts
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3.
11.3 Lifetime Rights to Multiple Party Accounts
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1.
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12. Health Care Decision Making
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1.
12.1 Maryland Advance Directive Law in General
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2.
12.2 Definitions
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3.
12.3 Procedure for Making Advance Directives
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4.
12.4 Effective Date/Revocation Of Advance Directives
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5.
12.5 Surrogate Decision Making
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6.
12.6 Standards for Surrogates
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7.
12.7 Do Not Resuscitate Orders
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8.
12.8 Medical Orders for Life-Sustaining Treatment (MOLST)
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9.
12.9 Federal Action
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10.
12.10 Maryland Anatomical Gift Statute
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1.
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13. Will Interpretation
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1.
13.1 In General: The Purpose of Will Interpretation
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2.
13.2 Beginning Point: The Plain Meaning Rule
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3.
13.3 Interpreting and Giving Effect to Every Word and Every Part of the Will
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4.
13.4 Extrinsic Evidence to Show the Surrounding Circumstances
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5.
13.5 Extrinsic Evidence Permitted When a Will Contains a Latent Ambiguity
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1.
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14. Classification of Legacies
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1.
14.1 In General
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2.
14.2 Operation and Effect
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3.
14.3 Ademption
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4.
14.4 Survivorship And Anti-Lapse
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5.
14.5 Simultaneous Death
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1.
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15. Spousal Election
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1.
15.1 Background
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2.
15.2 Pre-1990 Common Law of Maryland
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3.
15.3 Knell v. Price and Beyond
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4.
15.4 Measuring the Elective Share
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5.
15.5 Waiver Of Elective Share
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6.
15.6 The Mechanics Of Making Election
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7.
15.7 Jurisdictional Issues and Marital Agreements
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1.
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16. Omitted Children
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1.
16.1 Omitted Children
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1.
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17. Maryland Trusts
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1.
17.1 General Background
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2.
17.2 The Trust as a Fiduciary Relationship
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3.
17.3 Good Faith and the Nature of the Trustee's Duties at Common Law
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4.
17.3.1 The Good Faith Standard
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5.
17.3.2 Good Faith and Extended Discretion
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6.
17.3.3 Immutable Good Faith
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7.
17.4 Trust Creation under Maryland Law
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8.
17.5 Creation of an Express Trust under the Maryland Common Law
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9.
17.6 Trustee and Life Beneficiary Being the Same Person
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10.
17.7 Maryland Revocable Trust under the Common Law
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11.
17.8 Revocable Trusts under the Maryland Trust Act – General Appeal
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12.
17.8.1 Capacity to Settle or Otherwise Deal with a Revocable Trust
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13.
17.8.2 Surrogate Settlors
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14.
17.8.3 Revocation
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15.
17.8.4 Beneficiary Rights and Revocable Trusts
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16.
17.9 Modification/Termination of Irrevocable Trusts
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17.
17.9.1 Background
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18.
17.9.2 Termination and Modification Under the Maryland Trust Act
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19.
17.9.3 Termination By Consent
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20.
17.9.4 Modification or Termination in Furtherance of the Purpose of the Trust
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21.
17.9.5 Termination of Trusts of Less Than $1000,000 Value
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22.
17.9.6 Reformation to Correct Mistakes
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23.
17.9.7 Modification To Achieve Tax Objectives
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1.
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18. Spendthrift Clauses; Modification and/or Termination of Trust
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1.
18.1 Spendthrift In General
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2.
18.2 Termination of Trust
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3.
18.3 Principal And Income Modification
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1.
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19. Powers of Appointment
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1.
19.1 Powers Of Appointment In General
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1.
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20. Rule Against Perpetuities
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1.
20.1 Rule Against Perpetuities
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1.
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21. Charitable Trusts
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1.
21.1 In General
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2.
21.2 Cy Pres
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3.
21.3 Oversight of Charitable Trusts
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4.
21.4 Endowments
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1.
